Diffusion is the process of mutual penetration of molecules or atoms of one substance among the molecules or atoms of another, which typically results in the equalization of their concentrations throughout the occupied volume. Diffusion occurs in gases, liquids, solids, and plasmas. The fundamental principles of diffusion include the following: Types of diffusion The main …
Hypotenuse (from Greek ὑποτείνουσα – stretched) is the longest side of a right triangle and is opposite the right angle. It connects the ends of the two catheti and is the side opposite the right angle. It is denoted by the letter “c”. To find the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle, the …
Speed is a physical quantity defined as the ratio of the distance traveled to the time taken to cover that distance.
A material point is a physical model of an object, in which its dimensions and mass can be neglected for the purposes of a given problem. However, the object retains other physical characteristics, such as velocity, acceleration, momentum, and energy.
The Pythagorean theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle.
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal with a silvery-gray appearance and a density of 7.87 grams per cubic centimeter. It is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and one of the most useful metals in human history. Iron has been used …
Radioactivity (from Latin: radio – “emit” and activus – “active”) is the property of certain elements and isotopes that have unstable atomic nuclei and can emit excess energy in the form of particles or electromagnetic radiation.
Isotope – is a variety of an atom of a chemical element that differs from other isotopes of the same element in the number of neutrons in the nucleus. In other words, all atoms of one element have the same number of protons in the nucleus (which determines its atomic number) but can have different …
Neutron – is an elementary particle with no electric charge that is part of the atomic nucleus. History of Neutron Discovery The discovery of the neutron was a significant event in the history of science. Before that time, two main particles of the atom were known: electrons, which have a negative charge and move around …
Proton – is an elementary particle that constitutes the nucleus of an atom along with neutrons. It has a positive electric charge and is symbolized by the letter “p.”