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An electric arc

An electric arc is one of the types of electric discharge in a gas. An electric arc is a phenomenon where an electric current crosses the space between two electrodes, resulting in a discharge accompanied by a significant release of energy in the form of light, heat, and sound. It occurs due to the excitation …

Natural numbers

Натуральні числа

Natural numbers are numbers used for counting and numbering objects in nature. They start from 1 and have no upper limit. The set of natural numbers is denoted by N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}. Main properties of natural numbers Operations on natural numbers Operations on natural numbers include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and …

Diffusion

Дифузія

Diffusion is the process of mutual penetration of molecules or atoms of one substance among the molecules or atoms of another, which typically results in the equalization of their concentrations throughout the occupied volume. Diffusion occurs in gases, liquids, solids, and plasmas. The fundamental principles of diffusion include the following: Types of diffusion The main …

Properties of molybdenum

Properties of molybdenum Molybdenum is a chemical element with the symbol Mo and atomic number 42. Physical properties of molybdenum Chemical properties of molybdenum Mechanical properties Applications Overall, molybdenum’s unique combination of physical, chemical, and mechanical properties makes it a valuable material in various industrial and technological applications.

Properties of tantalum

Tantalum is a chemical element with the symbol Ta and atomic number 73. It is a transition metal that belongs to Group 5 (VB) of the periodic table, just below niobium. Here are some key properties of tantalum: Physical properties of tantalum Chemical properties of tantalum Mechanical properties Electrical properties of tantalum Other properties Due …

Properties of niobium

Niobium is a chemical element with the symbol Nb and atomic number 41. It is a transition metal that belongs to Group 5 (VB) of the periodic table. Here are some key properties of niobium: Physical properties of niobium Chemical properties of niobium Mechanical properties of niobium Electrical and superconducting properties Other properties These properties …

Properties of vanadium

Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a transition metal known for its diverse range of properties and applications. Here are some key properties of vanadium: Physical properties of vanadium Chemical properties of vanadium Mechanical properties of vanadium Occurrence and Uses It’s important to note that while …

Properties of hafnium

Hafnium is a chemical element with the symbol Hf and atomic number 72. It is a transition metal that shares similarities with zirconium. Here are some key properties of hafnium: Physical properties of hafnium Chemical properties of hafnium Mechanical properties of hafnium Occurrence and Uses It’s worth noting that while hafnium exhibits these properties, its …

Properties of zirconium

Zirconium is a chemical element with the symbol Zr and atomic number 40. It is a transition metal known for its high corrosion resistance, low neutron absorption, and heat resistance. Here are some key properties of zirconium: Physical properties of zirconium Chemical properties of zirconium Mechanical properties of zirconium Occurrence and Uses It’s worth noting …

Properties of titanium

Titanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It is a transition metal known for its exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Here are some key properties of titanium: Physical properties of titanium Chemical properties of titanium Mechanical properties of titanium Occurrence and Uses It’s important to note that …