The Law of Conservation of Electric Charge states that electric charge cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transferred from one body to another.
This means that the total electric charge in a closed system remains constant.
In an isolated system, the algebraic sum of the charges of all bodies remains constant:
q1 + q2 + q3 + … +qn = const.
where:
q1, q2, q3, … – charges of the bodies that form the electrically closed system,
n – the number of such bodies.
An electrically closed system, or an isolated system, refers to a system of bodies that does not allow charged particles to enter from the outside and does not lose its “own” charged particles.
The Law of Conservation of Electric Charge states that no processes of creation or disappearance of charges of only one sign can be observed in a closed system of bodies.
When two bodies meet, the total electric charge of the system remains constant. If one body acquires a positive charge, the other body will have a negative charge of the corresponding magnitude to maintain the total electric charge of the system.
This law is one of the fundamental laws of nature and is essential for understanding the behavior of electric systems and devices such as electrical networks, generators, electric machines, and others.